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Event: 1472

Key Event Title

A descriptive phrase which defines a discrete biological change that can be measured. More help

Decrease, ATP production

Short name

The KE short name should be a reasonable abbreviation of the KE title and is used in labelling this object throughout the AOP-Wiki. More help

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Biological Context

Structured terms, selected from a drop-down menu, are used to identify the level of biological organization for each KE. More help

Level of Biological Organization
Cellular

Cell term

The location/biological environment in which the event takes place.The biological context describes the location/biological environment in which the event takes place. For molecular/cellular events this would include the cellular context (if known), organ context, and species/life stage/sex for which the event is relevant. For tissue/organ events cellular context is not applicable. For individual/population events, the organ context is not applicable. Further information on Event Components and Biological Context may be viewed on the attached pdf. More help

Cell term
cell

Organ term

Key Event Components

The KE, as defined by a set structured ontology terms consisting of a biological process, object, and action with each term originating from one of 14 biological ontologies (Ives, et al., 2017; https://aopwiki.org/info_pages/2/info_linked_pages/7#List). Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signalling).Biological process describes dynamics of the underlying biological system (e.g., receptor signaling). The biological object is the subject of the perturbation (e.g., a specific biological receptor that is activated or inhibited). Action represents the direction of perturbation of this system (generally increased or decreased; e.g., ‘decreased’ in the case of a receptor that is inhibited to indicate a decrease in the signaling by that receptor). Note that when editing Event Components, clicking an existing Event Component from the Suggestions menu will autopopulate these fields, along with their source ID and description. To clear any fields before submitting the event component, use the 'Clear process,' 'Clear object,' or 'Clear action' buttons. If a desired term does not exist, a new term request may be made via Term Requests. Event components may not be edited; to edit an event component, remove the existing event component and create a new one using the terms that you wish to add. Further information on Event Components and Biological Context may be viewed on the attached pdf. More help

Process	Object	Action
ATP biosynthetic process	ATP	decreased

Key Event Overview

AOPs Including This Key Event

All of the AOPs that are linked to this KE will automatically be listed in this subsection. This table can be particularly useful for derivation of AOP networks including the KE.Clicking on the name of the AOP will bring you to the individual page for that AOP. More help

AOP Name	Role of event in AOP	Point of Contact	Author Status
Reduction in photophosphorylation leading to growth inhibition in aquatic plants	KeyEvent	Knut Erik Tollefsen (send email)	Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite
Deposition of ionizing energy leading to population decline via photosynthesis inhibition	KeyEvent	Knut Erik Tollefsen (send email)	Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite
OEC damage leading to population decline via photosynthesis inhibition	KeyEvent	Knut Erik Tollefsen (send email)	Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite
ROS production leading to population decline via mitochondrial dysfunction	KeyEvent	Knut Erik Tollefsen (send email)	Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite
Qb protein binding leading to decrease, population growth via PSII inhibition	KeyEvent	Li Xie (send email)	Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite

Taxonomic Applicability

Latin or common names of a species or broader taxonomic grouping (e.g., class, order, family) that help to define the biological applicability domain of the KE.In many cases, individual species identified in these structured fields will be those for which the strongest evidence used in constructing the AOP was available in relation to this KE. More help

Term	Scientific Term	Evidence	Link
Daphnia magna	Daphnia magna	High	NCBI
Lemna minor	Lemna minor	High	NCBI
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	High	NCBI

Life Stages

An indication of the the relevant life stage(s) for this KE. More help

Life stage	Evidence
All life stages	High

Sex Applicability

An indication of the the relevant sex for this KE. More help

Term	Evidence
Unspecific	High

Key Event Description

A description of the biological state being observed or measured, the biological compartment in which it is measured, and its general role in the biology should be provided. More help

Decrease in ATP production refers to a reduced ability of cells to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy source for cellular processes. ATP is mainly produced in mitochondria, and its reduction typically reflects impaired energy metabolism. Lower ATP levels limit energy-dependent functions such as active transport, biosynthesis, and cell maintenance. If ATP production remains reduced, normal cellular function cannot be sustained, leading to cellular dysfunction or failure.

How It Is Measured or Detected

A description of the type(s) of measurements that can be employed to evaluate the KE and the relative level of scientific confidence in those measurements.These can range from citation of specific validated test guidelines, citation of specific methods published in the peer reviewed literature, or outlines of a general protocol or approach (e.g., a protein may be measured by ELISA). Do not provide detailed protocols. More help

A decrease in ATP production is commonly measured by quantifying cellular ATP levels or by assessing the activity of ATP-producing pathways. Luciferase-based ATP assays are widely used to directly measure ATP concentrations, relying on the light emitted during the luciferase–luciferin reaction, which is proportional to ATP content (Lundin et al., 1976). Enzymatic assays targeting ATP synthase activity provide complementary information on the functional capacity of the mitochondrial phosphorylation machinery and have been applied to link electron transport efficiency with ATP synthesis rates (Allakhverdiev et al., 2005; Coulson et al., 2024).

ATP and other high-energy phosphates can also be quantified using ^31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which allows non-destructive measurement of intracellular phosphorus metabolites and energy status (Hitchins et al., 2001). In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods enable sensitive and accurate separation and quantification of adenosine phosphates (ATP, ADP, AMP) in cell extracts, providing detailed information on cellular energy balance (Juarez-Facio et al., 2021)

Domain of Applicability

A description of the scientific basis for the indicated domains of applicability and the WoE calls (if provided). More help

Taxonomic applicability domain

This key event is generally considered applicable to all organisms that rely on ATP as the universal cellular energy currency, including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as ATP production is a fundamental and conserved biological process.

Life stage applicability domain

This key event is considered applicable to all life stages, as continuous ATP production is required to support cellular maintenance, growth, development, and normal physiological function throughout the life cycle.

Sex applicability domain

This key event is considered sex-unspecific, as ATP production and utilization are essential cellular processes in both males and females and are not inherently dependent on sex-specific biology.

References

List of the literature that was cited for this KE description. More help

Allakhverdiev, S.I., Nishiyama, Y., Takahashi, S., Miyairi, S., Suzuki, I. and Murata, N. (2005). Systematic analysis of the relation of electron transport and ATP synthesis to the photodamage and repair of photosystem II in Synechocystis. Plant Physiology, 137(1), 263–273.

Coulson, S.Z., Duffy, B.M. and Staples, J.F. (2024). Mitochondrial techniques for physiologists. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 271, 110947.

Hitchins, S., Cieslar, J.M. and Dobson, G.P. (2001). ^31P NMR quantitation of phosphorus metabolites in rat heart and skeletal muscle in vivo. American Journal of Physiology – Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 281(2), H882–H887.

Juarez-Facio, A.T., Martin de Lagarde, V., Monteil, C., Vaugeois, J.M., Corbiere, C. and Rogez-Florent, T. (2021). Validation of a fast and simple HPLC-UV method for the quantification of adenosine phosphates in human bronchial epithelial cells. Molecules, 26(20).

Lundin, A., Rickardsson, A. and Thore, A. (1976). Continuous monitoring of ATP-converting reactions by purified firefly luciferase. Analytical Biochemistry, 75(2), 611–620.